Remarkable Research Achievements in Traditional Chinese Medicine During New Era （2012—2022） / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China （CPC）， a continuous stream of scientific and technological innovations has unfolded in the realm of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. With the aim of implementing the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the CPC， and the Opinions on Promoting the Inheritance， Innovation and Development of TCM， and to underscore the exemplary role of significant scientific and technological achievements， the China Association of Chinese Medicine， in alignment with relevant requirements and under the guidance of authoritative experts， has organized a comprehensive review of the important scientific and technological achievements in the field of TCM since the 18th National Congress of the CPC. Through rigorous procedures， including collecting and reviewing achievements， writing achievement reports， organizing expert reviews， and seeking public opinions， remarkable research achievements in TCM during 2012—2022 were compiled.

Definition， Framework and Connotation of Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Theories / 中医杂志

The modernization of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） theories is not only a prerequisite for the modernization of TCM but also a way to deal with the external environment and the difficulties of its development. The modernization of TCM is based on the premise of maintaining its own characteristics and advantages， and along with the progress of modern science and technology， the entire TCM has undergone new changes and improvements from theory to practice， and has become a scientific system with modern scientific level that adapts to the needs of the times. In the context of the unprecedented profound changes in contemporary TCM academics， this paper puts forward the definition of modernization of TCM theory and argues that the modernized theoretical system of TCM should maintain originality to build the foundation of TCM inheritance， clarify the frontier of the discipline and establish the conceptual system， form an open network to be compatible with multi-disciplinary interaction， incorporate the falsification and establish self-renewal system， creatively transform and innovatively develop， and modernize the interpretation and update the discourse system.

Espiritualidad femenina y modernización reflexiva en círculos de mujeres

RE S U M E N Este artículo es el resultado de una investigación cuyos objetivos fueron identificar y analizar los usos y sentidos del concepto de "espiritualidad" en tres círculos de mujeres de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia. Para ello se empleó una metodología cualitativa basada principalmente en observaciones etnográficas de los encuentros mensuales que realizan estos círculos, así como en entrevistas semi-estructuradas a dieciséis mujeres que participan de ellos. Los resultados muestran que los usos y significados que estas personas otorgan a la espiritualidad se relacionan con la búsqueda de referentes distintos a los del patriarcado o del judeocristianismo, así como a un proceso de autoconocimiento, al contacto con un "yo sagrado" y a la revisión continua de las actitudes y los pensamientos. Se concluye entonces que la "espiritualidad femenina" es un concepto complejo a través del cual se pretende orientar de una manera novedosa las subjetividades de las participantes. Sin embargo, al hacer énfasis en la autonomía y la sacralización de la mujer dicho concepto es una manifestación de los procesos de individualización y reflexividad propios de la modernidad tardía.

This article is the result of an investigation whose main objectives are to identify and analyze the uses and meanings of the concept of "spirituality" in three women's circles in the city of Medellín. In order to achieve this, a qualitative methodology was used, based mainly on ethnographic observations of the monthly meetings held by these circles, as well as semi-structured interviews with sixteen women who participate in them. The results show that the uses and meanings that these persons give to spirituality are related to the search for referents other than those of patriarchy or Judeo-Christianity as well as a quest of self-knowledge, contact with a "sacred self" and the review of attitudes and thoughts. It is concluded that "feminine spirituality" is a complex concept intended to guide the subjectivities of the participants in a new way However; by emphasizing the autonomy and sacralization of women, this concept is a manifestation of the processes of individualization and reflexivity typical of late modernity

Este artigo é o resultado de uma investigação cujos objetivos foram identificar e analisar os usos e significados do conceito de "espiritualidade" em três círculos de mulheres na cidade de Medellín, Colômbia. Para isso, foi utilizada uma metodologia qualitativa, baseada principalmente em observações etnográficas das reuniões mensais realizadas por esses círculos, bem como entrevistas semiestruturadas com dezesseis mulheres que deles participam. Os resultados mostram que os usos e significados que essas pessoas atribuem à espiritualidade estão relacionados à busca de outros referentes que não sejam os do patriarcado ou judaico-cristianismo, bem como um processo de autoconhecimento, contato com um "eu sagrado" e a revisão de atitudes e pensamentos. Conclui-se então que a "espiritualidade feminina" é um conceito complexo por meio do qual se pretende orientar as subjetividades das participantes de uma nova forma. No entanto, ao enfatizar a autonomia e a sacralização da mulher, esse conceito é uma manifestação dos processos de individualização e reflexividade típicos da modernidade tardia.

Application of "major scientific issues and engineering technology difficulties in traditional Chinese medicine(2019-2021)" in national science and t echnology layout / 中国中药杂志

In order to judge the future development trend of science and technology, plan ahead and lay out the frontier technology fields and directions, China Association of Chinese Medicine(CACM) has launched consultation projects for collecting "major scienti-fic issues and engineering technology difficulties in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)" for the industry for three consecutive years since 2019. Up to now, 18 projects have been selected as major issues for research, and some experience and achievements have been made. These projects have been applied in important scientific and technological work such as scientific and technological planning and deployment at all levels of national, local, and scientific research institutions, the selection and cultivation of major national scientific and technological projects, and the construction of innovation bases, giving full play to the role of the think tank advisory committee of CACM. This study reviewed the selection of major issues for the first time, systematically combed its application in the national layout of science and technology, and put forward the existing problems and improvement suggestions, aiming to provide new ideas for further improving the selection of major issues and research direction, providing a theoretical basis and decision support for the national scientific and technological layout in the field of TCM, and promoting scientific and technological innovation to facilitate the high quality development of TCM.

Inheritance, innovation and development of traditional Chinese medicine in new era call for scientific supervision / 中国中药杂志

Pharmaceutical products need to ensure the effectiveness, safety and quality controllability through scientific supervision, and as the broad masses of the people are full of new expectations for the supply of high-quality traditional Chinese medicine products, the reform and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine regulatory policies are also facing new opportunities and new challenges. National Medical Products Administration, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and other relevant departments have implemented the requirements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, vigorously promoted the reform of the regulatory system in line with the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine, introduced a series of innovative policies, and achieved phased results. Including the new registration classification standards in line with the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine, encouraging the development of classical formulas and hospital preparations, encouraging the research and development of symptomatic Chinese medicines, and gra-dually improving the "three-combined " evidence system. However, in the face of the development problems of traditional Chinese medicine in the new era, it is still necessary to improve the scientific supervision system, further optimize the management measures for the registration of traditional Chinese medicines based on classical formulas, accelerate the improvement of the standard system for traditional Chinese medicine formula granules, and form management measures to encourage and support the secondary development of traditional Chinese medicines. In terms of scientific supervision of traditional Chinese medicine, it is necessary to follow the characteristics and development laws of traditional Chinese medicine itself, comprehensively consider the characteristics of epochal, scientific and systematic in regulatory policies, and serve the inheritance and innovative development of traditional Chinese medicine with scientific supervision.

Analysis on Modernization Strategy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Culture Communication in the Perspective of Digital China / 中国医学伦理学

In the context of global digitalization, the digitalization development of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is inevitable. The construction of digital China should comply with the development trend of the information age and the general situation of domestic and international development, be forward-looking, scientifically planned, and coordinated to promote. The "14th Five Year Plan" also clearly pointed out that "Internet plus TCM" should be elevated to the level of national development strategy, and the digitalization transformation of TCM will definitely become a consensus for the transformation and development of TCM disciplines in the new era and new period. Based on the materials, this paper analyzed the dilemmas faced by the modernization of TCM culture dissemination, and put forward corresponding countermeasures, with a view to contributing to the power of TCM to promote the construction of digital China.

The practice of the cultivation strategy of incremental training of modern clinical thinking ability to cultivate clinical post competency of "5 + 3" integration students / 中华医学教育探索杂志

At present, some "5+3" integration students have different levels of understanding and application problems in various stages, such as role transformation, professional knowledge and technology, communication ability and humanistic care ability, clinical thinking and evidence-based medicine concepts, clinical research thinking, learning and work attitude. This research will permeate and run through the training of "5+3" integrated students' diagnostic and therapeutic operation ability through the training of modern clinical thinking oriented by post competency, and integrate humanistic care, evidence-based medicine, learning attitude, working attitude, and attitude towards patients in the whole process to gradually complete the comprehensive training goal of clinical thinking oriented by post competency + diagnostic and therapeutic operation ability.

Organizações Sociais de Saúde na mídia: uma análise de notícias em grandes veículos de imprensa (2008-2016) / The Social Health Organizations in the media: analysis of news in large press outlets (2008-2016) / Las Organizaciones Sociales de Salud en los medios: un análisis de las noticias en los principales medios de comunicación (2008-2016)

Este estudo analisou matérias jornalísticas sobre Organizações Sociais de Saúde (OSS) contratadas para gerir hospitais estaduais no Brasil. Foram levantadas publicações nos meios de comunicação G1, Estadão e Valor Econômico sobre as dez maiores OSS do país. Analisou-se o conteúdo de 124 matérias, sendo a maioria da organização Associação Paulista para o Desenvolvimento da Medicina (SPDM), entre os temas: denúncia de irregularidades, desvio de verbas, metas subestimadas, falta de licitações e precarização do trabalho. Houve também conteúdos sobre flexibilidade, dinamismo gerencial, agilidade nas contratações e economia aos cofres públicos. Os achados apontaram para elementos que visam tanto ao fortalecimento do modelo de gestão reforçado pela Nova Gestão Pública (NGP) quanto à mobilização da sociedade frente a essas instituições privadas.

This study analyzed news stories about Social Health Organizations contracted to manage state hospitals in Brazil. We selected publications from G1, Estadão and Valor Econômico media about the ten largest Brazil-ian Social Health Organizations. We analyzed the content of a total of 124 articles, most of them from the Associação Paulista para o Desenvolvimento da Medicina (SPDM) organization, denouncing irregularities, misuse of funds, underestimated goals, lack of tenders and precarious work. There were articles also about flexibility, managerial dynamism, agility in hiring and savings to public coffers. The findings pointed to an outline aimed both at strengthening the management model reinforced by the New Public Management, and at mobilizing society towards these private institutions.

Este estudio analizó artículos sobre Organizaciones Sociales de Salud (OSS) contratadas para administrar hospitales estatales en Brasil. Se levantaron publicaciones en los medios G1, Estadão y Valor Econômico sobre las diez mayores OSS del país. Se analizó el contenido de 124 artículos, la mayoría de la organización Associação Paulista para o Desenvolvimento da Medicina (SPDM), de denuncia de irregularidades, malversación de fondos, subestimación de metas, falta de licitaciones y precariedad laboral. También tuvo contenidos sobre flexibilidad, dinamismo gerencial, agilidad en la contratación y ahorro para las arcas públicas. Los hallazgos apuntaron elementos dirigidos tanto al fortalecimiento del modelo de gestión reforzado por la Nueva Gestión Pública, como a la movilización de la sociedad hacia estas instituciones privadas.

Modernización de la gestión hospitalaria en instituciones prestadoras de salud

Se realizó una revisión breve con aproximación teórica a la actual organización hospitalaria y su modernización. Se muestra un enfoque de la actual organización hospitalaria. Además, se presenta el procedimiento y las particularidades de los rumbos del sector hospitalario; pudiendo posteriormente analizar los mecanismos de modernización a entes relacionados con el bienestar de la población y poder hacer uso de manera óptima de las metodologías de dirección. Los factores que motivan el cambio, por ser las organizaciones con mayor complicación en su área en específica; siendo así que sus actividades que varían en diversos sectores de acuerdo a lo especificado en sus lineamientos puedan ser entendidas de manera clara, aun cuando se consideren las peculiaridades de cada organización.

A brief review was carried out with a theoretical approach to the current hospital organization and its modernization. An approach of the current hospital organization is shown. In addition, the procedure and the particularities of the directions of the hospital sector are presented; Being able to later analyze the mechanisms of modernization to entities related to the well-being of the population and to be able to make optimal use of management methodologies. The factors that motivate the change, because they are the most complicated organizations in their specific area; being so that its activities that vary in different sectors according to what is specified in its guidelines can be clearly understood, even when considering the peculiarities of each organization.

Ser joven andino quechua cerca y lejos de sus comunidades de origen / Being young, Andean and Quechua and both near and far from communities of origin / Ser jovem andino quechua perto e longe de suas comunidades de origen

Resumen (analítico) La investigación se pregunta cómo las y los «jóvenes¼ procedentes de comunidades quechuas surandinas del Perú construyen su «ser joven¼ en contextos de imposición neocolonial/neoliberal y, a la vez, de resistencias cerca y lejos de sus lugares de origen. Se realizó desde la postura decolonial con la metodología investigación-acción participativa adaptada al mundo de jóvenes de comunidades de Apurímac, Huancavelica y Ayacucho. Se constata que son afectados por imposiciones de la sociedad nacional, que a través de servicios y políticas públicas les proyectan una manera homogénea y hegemónica de ser joven que tiende a distanciarlos de sus familias y comunidades. La crianza en su cosmovisión será fuente de sus resistencias y les permitirá recuperar sus raíces por la vía de la lengua originaria y de la espiritualidad andina.

Abstract (analytical) This study asks how "young people" from the Quechua communities in Southern Peru construct "being young" in contexts involving neocolonial / neoliberal imposition and, at the same time, of acts of resistance both near and far from their places of origin. It was carried out using a decolonial position through the Participatory Action Research methodology adapted to the worlds of "young people" in the communities of Apurímac, Huancavelica and Ayacucho. The research identified that these young people are affected by impositions from Peruvian society, as government services and public policies project a homogeneous and hegemonic way of being young that tends to distance them from their families and communities. An upbringing based on their worldview will be the source of their resistance and will allow them to recover their roots through native language and Andean spirituality.

Resumo (analítico) A pesquisa questiona como os "jovens" das comunidades quíchuas do sul do Peru constroem seu "ser jovem" em contextos de imposição neocolonial / neoliberal e, ao mesmo tempo, de resistência perto e longe de seus lugares de origem. Foi realizado a partir da posição descolonial com a metodologia da Pesquisa-Ação Participativa adaptada ao mundo dos jovens das comunidades de Apurímac, Huancavelica e Ayacucho. Constata-se que são afetados por imposições da sociedade nacional, que por meio de serviços e políticas públicas os projetam de uma forma homogênea e hegemônica de ser jovem que tende a distanciarse de suas famílias e comunidades. A formação em sua visão de mundo será a fonte de sua resistência e permitirá que recuperem suas raízes por meio da língua nativa e da espiritualidade andina.

Research progress of the modernization of TCM tongue diagnosis / 国际中医中药杂志

Tongue diagnosis is one of the diagnostic methods of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), but its development has always been restricted by the lack of objective quantitative indicators. With the rapid development of computer technology and the advent of the algorithm era, the modernization of TCM tongue diagnosis has gradually become a hot research spot. This paper annalyses the literature and related patents of the modernization of tongue diagnosis and summarizes the R&D progress and application of tongue diagnosis as well as related instruments. It is found that domestic and foreign scholars focus on tongue diagnosis related research and attach importance to the formulation of relevant international standards. Tongue collection and analysis technology continues to develop; tongue diagnostic instruments are also gradually enriched. At present, their applications are extended to family self-use, but they are still mainly used in teaching, scientific research and other fields, involving the clinical efficacy evaluation of TCM, clinical case classification and health management, and there is still much room for development. In the future, we should strengthen the communication between multi-regional research centers, promote the communication among talents in different fields, constantly make up for the deficiencies and promote the development of tongue diagnosis research.

CHINA PH ARMACY Volume 33，Number 3，February 15，2022 Semimonthly Table of Contents Study on the action framework and key problem of drug safety governance in China / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To provide reference for clarifying the action and development direction of China ’s drug safety governance. METHODS Based on governance theory ，an analysis framework of “Motivation-Sharing-Performance and Feedback ” was established to explain the mechanism of cross-sector collaboration governance of drug safety. By constructing the action framework of national drug safety governance of “3 stages+1 incubation period ”，the connotation of each stage and possible challenges were analyzed ，and improvement suggestions were put forward. RESULTS & CONCUSIONS The obstacles that restricted the effectiveness of drug safety governance in China were mainly due to insufficient information ，resource mobilization and power sharing. Therefore ，the“basic collaboration stage ”should expand the scope of information sharing and involve non-governmental entities ；the“legislative coordination stage ”should focuse on the provision of formal legal systems so that non-governmental forces can play a necessary role in governance activities ；the“deepening of the coordination stage ”should promote the formal integration of social forces into governance system ，and truly realize the transition from “passive participation ” to self-management. It is recommended to continuously improve the construction of drug safety governance system in China in terms of governance norms ，communication mechanisms ，capacity development based on a holistic perspective.

Uma bússola para gestão e controle de unidades de saúde / A 'Compass' for Management and Oversight of Public Health Facilities / Una brújula para la gestión y contról de unidades públicas de salud

Há espaço para melhorias na forma como a gestão pública presta contas e prioriza intervenções. A transferência de informações de unidades hospitalares para o Executivo e instituições de controle é defasada temporalmente e realizada em formatos que não permitem o melhor uso da tecnologia. O projeto Bússola, desenhado pelo Laboratório de Inovação do MPRJ, propôs definir estratégias de abertura e monitoramento contínuo de dados. Com base em método desenvolvido pelo Laboratório, foram desenhados protótipos em dois hospitais municipais de Volta Redonda. Entre os resultados, destacam-se: (1) diagnóstico de bases, sistemas e fluxos de informação; (2) priorização de problemas; (3) obtenção de acesso direto a dados; (4) concepção de inteligência para orientar tomadores de decisão; e (5) três revisões sistemáticas de políticas públicas baseadas em evidência.

There is room for improvement in the way the public sector delivers accountability and prioritizes interventions. The information transmission between public health facilities, the executive authorities and the control institutions is lagged and relies in formats that do not allow for the best use of available technology. The Bússola ('Compass') project, designed by MPRJ's Innovation Lab, suggested setting strategies to open and continously monitor data from these facilities. Based on the method developed by the Lab, prototipes were established in two municipal hospitals in Volta Redonda. Among the results, we highlight: (1) diagnosis of databases, data flows and information systems; (2) management challenges priorization; (3) acquisition of direct access to data; (4) design of tools to guide decision making; and (5) three systematic reviews of evidence-based public policies.

Hay margen de mejora en la forma en que la gestión pública riende cuentas y prioriza intervenciones. La transferencia de información de las unidades hospitalarias a las instituciones ejecutivas y de control es temporalmente desfasada y se realiza en formatos que no permiten el mejor aprovechamiento de la tecnología. El proyecto Bússola, diseñado por el Laboratorio de Innovación de MPRJ, propuso definir estrategias de apertura y monitoreo continuo de datos. A partir de método desarrollado por el Laboratorio, se diseñaron prototipos en dos hospitales municipales de Volta Redonda. Entre los resultados, destacamos: (1) diagnóstico de bases, sistemas y flujos de información; (2) priorizaciónd de problemas; (3) obtención de acceso directo a datos; (4) concepción de la inteligencia para guiar a toma de decisiones; y (5) tres revisiones sistemáticas de políticas públicas basadas en evidencia.

A new research paradigm in modernization of traditional Chinese medicine: single cell pharmacology / 药学学报

Single cell "omics" technology enables the capture of genome, transcriptome, proteome and other omics information in a high-throughput and unbiased manner at single-cell resolution, allowing the characterization of the functional state of individual cells to reveal their heterogeneity and differential responses to drug treatment. This technology has wide application in pharmacological research, facilitating drug screening, efficacy evaluation, and mechanistic studies. We envision that, in the field of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), single cell omics technology can be applied in the identification of active ingredients and drug targets, and elucidation of drug mechanism of action. In this article, we briefly introduce the single cell omics technology - particularly single cell transcriptome sequencing, and review its application in the field of modern drug research. Based on that, we propose the concept of "single cell pharmacology" and articulate how it can be applied to transform the pharmacological research of TCM and promote TCM modernization.

Development prospect of orthopedic rehabilitation medicine based on three-dimensional printing technology / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: The application of three-dimensional (3D) precision printing in orthopedic rehabilitation medicine is attracting more and more attention from clinicians, engineers and researchers. OBJECTIVE: To review the development of 3D printing in orthopedic rehabilitation. METHODS: Relevant documents published from 2011 to 2019 were retrieved from CNKI database, Wanfang database, PubMed database and Elsevier database by computer. The search terms were “3D Precision Printing, Orthopedic rehabilitation medicine, Artificial Intelligence” in English and Chinese. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At present, 3D precision printing is the key technology in the application of orthopedic rehabilitation medicine, including medical image processing and 3D modeling, surgical simulation planning system, surgical guide board design, implant design and 3D precision printing equipment. Among them, 3D reconstruction technologies such as multiplanar reconstructions, volume rendering technique, maximum intensity projection, minimum intensity projection and surface shaded display are used to read medical digital data and realize visual medical image processing and 3D modeling, which can improve doctor-patient communication efficiency. The thinking process and intelligent behavior of doctors in rehabilitation surgery can be simulated by computer, and a cloud service center with function similar to the brain intelligence of doctors is created to assist doctors in the planning of rehabilitation surgery. With the aid of personalized rehabilitation surgery guide board design software, the bone graft osteotomy guide board can be used to plan the osteotomy line and osteotomy range for the doctor, which can shorten the operation time and improve the operation safety. Using polymer materials, metal materials, ceramic materials and other materials as 3D printing materials, there are still problems such as poor mechanical adaptation and physiological adaptation. The automation degree of common biological 3D design software is relatively low, which is prone to problems such as unsatisfactory matching between the performance of orthopedic medical devices and the defect site, and single internal pore structure of implants. However, the application of 3D precision printing technology in the immersion rehabilitation medicine teaching system is beneficial to the cultivation of rehabilitation medicine talents combining with interdisciplinary medical workers.

Perspectives on the construction of modern disease prevention and control system in Shanghai / 上海预防医学

It is a major public health task to promote the construction of modern disease prevention and control system in the prevention and control of the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic. In this study, we identified the current situation and challenges in the construction of disease prevention and control system in Shanghai, including the infrastructures, disciplines, human resources, information system, operational mechanism, and legalization. It is proposed that we should promote the construction of modern disease prevention and control system in Shanghai, which is aimed to improve the capacity in the disease prevention and control services, response to the major epidemics and public health emergencies, and scientific research in public health, in accordance with municipal functional orientation large-scale metropolitan public health security requirements in Shanghai. Moreover, we should promote policy-making, including upgrading infrastructures, facilitating discipline construction and scientific research innovation, optimizing development environment for human resources, accelerating comprehensive information construction, improving systems and mechanisms, and strengthening legal governance.

Relação entre natureza jurídica de prestadores de serviços e qualidade na atenção básica brasileira / Relationship between corporate classification of service providers and quality of primary healthcare in Brazil / Relación entre la naturaleza jurídica de los prestadores de servicios y la calidad en la atención primaria de la salud en Brasil

Este estudo tem como objetivo verificar a existência de associação entre os diferentes tipos de agentes contratantes atuantes na atenção básica brasileira, e a qualidade do cuidado ofertado medida pelo Programa de Melhoria e Acesso da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ). Trata-se de pesquisa quantitativa, com abordagem descritiva e inferencial por meio de regressão logística. Foram analisados 4.469 municípios brasileiros. Os resultados mostraram que não houve associação entre o tipo de agente contratante, se público ou privado, e a nota obtida no processo de certificação (valor de p > 0,05). Verificou-se que os municípios maiores e socioeconomicamente mais dinâmicos concentram as maiores parcelas de municípios que têm os serviços de atenção básica gerenciados por agentes contratantes privados (23,2%). No que se refere à nota da certificação obtida, também foram esses municípios que obtiveram as notas mais altas. Por fim, em todas as categorias tanto de agentes contratantes públicos quanto de agentes contratantes privados, a maioria dos municípios teve notas classificadas como média (entre 50 e 69,99). Dessa forma, identificou-se que a qualidade do cuidado ofertado na atenção básica brasileira medida pelo PMAQ não está associada ao tipo de agente contratante envolvido na gestão do serviço quando os dados são municipalizados. Além disso, encontrou-se que os agentes contratantes privados e as notas mais altas obtidas no processo de certificação estão concentrados nos municípios maiores e com melhores indicadores socioeconômicos.

This study aims to investigate a potential association between different categories of service providers in primary healthcare in Brazil and the quality of care provided, as measured by the Program for Improvement of Access and Quality of Basic Care (PMAQ). The study adopted a quantitative design with a descriptive and inferential approach via logistic regression. A total of 4,469 Brazilian municipalities (counties) were analyzed. The results showed that there was no association between type of service provider (public vs. private) and the score obtained in the certification process (p-value > 0.05). Larger and more socioeconomically dynamic municipalities concentrated the largest proportions of municipalities with primary care services managed by private providers (23.2%). They also received the highest certification scores. Finally, for both categories (public and private), most municipalities obtained intermediate scores (from 50 to 69.99). We thus found that the quality of care in basic healthcare in Brazil, as measured by the PMAQ, is not associated with the type of provider involved in management of the service when the data are analyzed at the municipal level. Private providers and the highest scores in the certification process are concentrated in larger municipalities and those with the best socioeconomic indicators.

El objetivo de este estudio es verificar la existencia de asociación entre los diferentes tipos de agentes contratantes, que actúan en la atención básica brasileña, y la calidad del cuidado ofertado, medido por el Programa de Mejoría y Acceso de la Calidad de la Atención Básica (PMAQ). Se trata de una investigación cuantitativa, con un abordaje descriptivo e inferencial mediante regresión logística. Se analizaron 4.469 municipios brasileños. Los resultados mostraron que no hubo asociación entre el tipo de agente contratante, sea público o privado, y la nota obtenida en el proceso de certificación (valor de p > 0,05). Se verificó que los municipios mayores y socioeconómicamente más dinámicos concentran las mayores cuotas de municipios que cuentan con servicios de atención básica gestionados por agentes contratantes privados (23,2%). En lo que se refiere a la nota de la certificación obtenida, también fueron esos municipios los que obtuvieron las calificaciones más altas. Finalmente, en todas las categorías tanto de agentes contratantes públicos, como de agentes contratantes privados, la mayoría de los municipios obtuvieron notas clasificadas como medias (entre 50 y 69,99). De esta forma, se identificó que la calidad del cuidado ofrecido en la atención básica brasileña, medido por el PMAQ, no está asociada al tipo de agente contratante implicado en la gestión del servicio cuando los datos están gestionados por los municipios. Asimismo, se verificó que los agentes contratantes privados y las notas más altas obtenidas en el proceso de certificación están concentrados en los municipios mayores y con mejores indicadores socioeconómicos.

Research strategy of drugs against 2019-novel coronavirus based on supramolecular “qi chromatography” theory of TCM / 中草药

At present, the 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is rampant all over the country, and controlling the spread of its epidemic has become a top priority. It is very difficult to control the epidemic spreading because there is no specific drug to fight against it. Therefore, it is urgent task for us to develop a specific drug as soon as possible, and attracting worldwide attention. The studies on anti-2019-nCoV drugs were generally carried out in three modes, as vaccine, chemical drugs and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Because the developing on vaccines and chemicals takes too long, it is hard to solve the urgent problem. Moreover, the RNA of coronavirus has been recombined so quickly that the vaccines and drugs studied with great efforts not only may miss the epidemic time, but also cannot be used in the next generation of new coronavirus treatment, as a result that the work of epidemic prevention is formidable. However, the prescriptions from traditional Chinese medicine theory can cure the epidemic disease, but how to develop it into a specific drug with clear chemical composition and clear pharmacologic mechanism, is also an urgent problem to be solved. In this paper, the new coronavirus and its drug development are reviewed, while the advantages and disadvantages are analyzed, and the drug dilemma research phenomenon is clarified by using the supramolecular “qi chromatography” theory. It is suggested that the strategy of anti-coronavirus drug developing should be put forward based on the impact of “qi chromatography” of biological supramolecular “imprinting template”, in order to develop new drugs against 2019-nCoV to control the spread of the epidemic as quick as we can, and establish a new research and development model of anti-coronavirus drug on integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine, turning passive into active.

Application of lipidomics on research of traditional Chinese medicine / 中草药

Lipidomics is a newly emerged discipline that systematically studies the types, functions and metabolic pathways of lipids in organisms, which can identify biomarkers and molecular mechanisms of diseases or drugs by analyzing changes in lipid metabolism networks from different physiological or pathological states. As an important component of systems biology, lipidomics has the research mentality which is similar to the overall concept as well as the system theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Therefore, lipidomics becomes a powerful tool to promote the modernization of TCM. Lipidomics technology is briefly described in this paper, and the application of lipidomics technology on research of TCM including pharmacodynamics, action mechanism and toxicity are summed up, and at the same time the experience of other disciplines in the research of Chinese materia medica property theory and quality control of TCM are combined to expand the application ideas of lipidomics in TCM research, as well as provide references for the organic integration between TCM theory and modern technology.

Recommendation on the modernization of disease control and prevention / 中华流行病学杂志

Special Expert Group for Control of the Epidemic of COVID-19 of the Chinese Preventive Medicine Association have had a deep discussion on how to promote the modernization progress of current disease control and prevention system in China. By deeply investigating and analyzing the problems existed in the current Chinese disease control and prevention system, and learning the experiences from the disease control and prevention systems of other countries, the expert group suggested the following recommendations, included the enhance and update the laws related to public health, build up advanced institution mechanisms that meet current social status, reform current emergency response system, clarify the dominance and function of disease control and prevention system in Health China developing, and speed up the construction of a modern information system, talented professional groups, and advanced culture.